Marxism,+Freudianism,+&+Feminism

Hailey Edmondson

Describe and analyze the ways in which Marxism, Freudianism, and the women's movement challenged the traditional Eurpopean beliefs before WWI.

MARXISM VS TRADITIONAL Marxism: //Communist Manifesto-// by Marx; idea of classless society Communist League- German socialists; tried to further communism Karl Marx- radical ideas of proletariat overthrow to create classless society; author of //Communist Manifesto// Friedrich Engels- contributed to the idea of communism and proletariat overthrow; co author of //Communist Manifesto// //Das Kapital//- written by Marx; detailed political economy and economic ideals of communism Traditional: Working class- factory workers; paid very little; poor conditions Bourgeoisie- business owners; middle class Capitalism- business owners work and invest to create a system of income; others buy products; independent businesses Adam Smith- //Wealth of Nations//; free trade; no mercantilism or communism

FREUDIANISM VS TRADITIONAL Freudianism: Sigmund Freud- Austrian psychologist; ideas were radical and more sexual than traditional beliefs Oedipus Complex- human nature phenomenon that the son has lust for the mother and murderous feelings toward father; radical for the time period Id/Ego- parts of the subconcious Psychoanalysis- repression of urges/feelings are retained in the subconcious and can be rediscovered through therapy Traditional: Locke- tabula rosa (blank mind); society influences people (vs. human nature in Freud's theories) Sexuality- conservative; repressed; frowned upon

WOMEN'S MOVEMENT VS TRADITIONAL Women's Movement: Emeline Pankhurst- used radical publicity tactics to gain women's rights Women's Social and Political Union- organized by Pankhurst to gain media attention for the rights of women Millicent Fawcett- gaining rights of women by participatingin male dominated politics and proving the intelligence and professional ability of women Maria Montessori- created Montessori schools for children; developed new philosophies on education Traditional: Male dominated society- women stayed at home and had children and cleaned the house Mary Astell- wrote //A Serious Proposal to the Ladies//; sought more education for women Mary Wollstonecraft- //Vindication on the Rights of Women//; sought for equality of men and women as human beings No suffrage- women were not allowed to vote

THESIS: Before WWI, Marxism's radical ideas of communism and proletariat revolution by Karl Marx, Freud's philosophies of more open sexuality through his psychoanalysis, and active effort towards the equality of women such as Pankhurst and Fawcett challenged the traditional conservative views.